The Mary K. Allen Collection contains correspondence, writings by herself and others, annotated maps, field notes, drawings, and photographs, almost all of which relate to the rock art left by the ancient peoples who inhabited the western United states, particularly the Colorado Plateau. The manuscript portion of the collection includes field notes and annotated maps, formal manuscripts prepared by Mary Allen detailing her explorations and theories about stylistic elements in rock art, unpublished writings by others on archaeological topics, and correspondence with other rock art enthusiasts.